TECHNOLOGY

Discovering Mars: On January 25, 2004, the rover Opportunity landed on the red planet

On January 25, 2004, the rover Opportunity landed on Mars, thus beginning a mission to explore the red planet that would last 15 years. 

Opportunity was the second of two rover sent to Mars by NASA (as part of the mission: Mars Exploration Rover), after the success of the Spiritmission. His main mission was to search for signs of water and conditions suitable for life, and over the years he discovered evidence of ancient water environments and collected important data about the geology and composition of the planet.

Despite the rover stopped communicating in 2019, its mission left a lasting legacy in planetary science and paved the way for further exploration of Mars.

Di NASA - http://mediaarchive.ksc.nasa.gov/detail.cfm?mediaid=20229 (direct link), Pubblico dominio,
Discovering Mars: On January 25, 2004, the rover Opportunity landed on the Red Planet
On January 25, 2004, the roverOpportunity landed on Mars, thus beginning a mission to explore the red planet that would last 15 years. Opportunity was the second of two rover sent to Mars by NASA (as part of the mission: Mars Exploration Rover) after the success of the Spiritmission. His main mission was to search for signs of water and conditions suitable for life, and over the years he discovered evidence of ancient water environments and collected important data about the geology and composition of the planet. Despite the rover stopped communicating in 2019, its mission left a lasting legacy in planetary science and paved the way for further exploration of Mars. 
By NASA/JPL/Cornell University, Maas Digital LLC - http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04413
Mars Exploration Rover
The Mars Exploration Rover was a Mars exploration mission, where two rovers were deployed identical: Spirit and Opportunity. The launch took place in 2003 and the rovers are arrived on Mars in January 2004, at two different points on the planet.
Di NASA - http://mediaarchive.ksc.nasa.gov/detail.cfm?mediaid=20229 (direct link), Pubblico dominio,
Toss
Opportunity, the second Mars Exploration Rover of the NASA, reached Mars aboard a launch vehicle called "Delta II". The bright glow was so intense that it illuminated the beaches of the Florida Space Coastfor a short period of time. The Opportunity ride to Mars began with takeoff at 23:18:15. (Eastern Daylight Time from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida). The spacecraft successfully separated from the third stage of the Delta II about 83 minutes later, after being pushed out of Earth orbit and on a route to Mars.
Di Courtesy NASA/JPL-Caltech, Attribution, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=305995
Mission
From 24 January 2014 NASA announced that the mission of the rover Opportunity was to search for evidence of life in the past of the planet, including a biosphere formed by autotrophic microorganisms, chemotrophs and/or chemolithotrophs , and the presence of water, including regions that They were home to ancient rivers or lakes.
Di NASA/JPL/Cornell - http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA07269 (TIFF converted into 100% qu
Record
Opportunity discovered the first meteorite that fell on Another planet (Heat Shield Rock, pictured), has been analyzing the crater for two years Victoria and in 2011 reached the crater Endeavour. The May 19, 2010 broke the record of "longevity" of missions on Mars, until then held by the probe Viking 1 with 6 years and 116 days (2245 sol) to date is therefore the longest operational mission to Mars. In March 2015, the rover exceeded 42.195 km covered on the ground Martian, crossing the ideal finish line of the Olympic marathon.
By NASA/ASU/Cornell - https://mars.jpl.nasa.gov/mer/gallery/press/opportunity/20040526a/Sol88B_P2285
Endurance crater
On "sol 84" on April 20, 2004, rover reached the crater Endurance (pictured) which was known to have many layers of rocks. In May, the rover circumnavigated the crater and made observations with Mini-TES and the panoramic camera. The rock "Lion Stone" has been studied and found similar in composition to the layers found in the crater Eagle.
Di NASA/JPL/Cornell - http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA05152, Pubblico dominio, https://c
Operation and cost
Opportunity was operational on Mars well beyond expectations: 5111 sols (14 years, 138 days) against a planned activity of 90 sols. The total cost of the mission, for the first 90 sols of the primary mission, was 820 million of dollars. (Photo: first color panorama sent by Opportunity, showing the landscape of Meridiani Planum)
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